Click here to see more of Biden's executive orders organized by month.Executive Order on Modernizing Regulatory Review (April 6, 2023).Executive Order on Increasing Access to High-Quality Care and Supporting Caregivers (April 18, 2023).Executive Order on Revitalizing Our Nation’s Commitment to Environmental Justice for All (April 21, 2023).Executive Order on Authority to Order the Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces to Active Duty to Address International Drug Trafficking (April 27, 2023).Executive Order on Imposing Sanctions on Certain Persons Destabilizing Sudan and Undermining the Goal of a Democratic Transition (May 4, 2023).Executive Order on Moving Beyond COVID-19 Vaccination Requirements for Federal Workers (May 9, 2023).They are numbered, published in the Federal Register, and cite the authority by which the president is making the order. 5.2 Average number of executive orders issued each year by president, 1921-2023Įxecutive orders are directives written by the president to officials within the executive branch requiring them to take or stop some action related to policy or management. 5 Historical use of executive orders, 1789-2023.Proclamations are a third type of executive directive that typically relate to private individuals or ceremonial events, such as holidays and commemorations. Cooper, a professor of public administration at Portland State University, wrote, "As a practical matter, the memorandum is now being used as the equivalent of an executive order, but without meeting the legal requirements for an executive order." In his 2014 book, By Order of the President: The Use and Abuse of Executive Direct Action, Phillip J. The Office of Management and Budget is also not required to issue a budgetary impact statement on the subject of the memoranda. Presidential memoranda also include instructions directed at executive officials, but they are neither numbered nor have the same publication requirements. Executive orders are directives written by the president to officials within the executive branch requiring them to take or stop some action related to policy or management. Donald Trump's (R) average is highest within this timeframe, at 55 executive orders, and Barack Obama’s (D) average is lowest, at 35.Įach of these presidential documents is different in authority and implementation. President Clinton signed his initial federalism executive order (Executive Order 13083, 1998) in Birmingham, England, but it created such an outcry that he eventually suspended it and replaced it.
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